Larch

Subalpine larch (Larix lyallii), often simply called larch in the Rockies, is a deciduous conifer native to the high subalpine and alpine zones of the Canadian Rockies. Unlike most conifers, it drops its needles each autumn; after turning bright gold; making it one of the most celebrated trees for fall colour in Banff National Park.

Identification: Short, twisted trunk; tufts of blue-green needles in clusters along branches; small cones. Grows at treeline and above, often in krummholz form (stunted, wind-shaped). In late September the needles turn golden yellow before falling, creating spectacular displays in Larch Valley above Moraine Lake and similar high-elevation basins.

Habitat: Subalpine and alpine zones, typically above 2,000 m (6,500 ft), in open slopes and rocky basins. Tolerates cold, wind, and short growing seasons. Often grows with Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir at lower subalpine elevations. The Lake Agnes and Big Beehive corridor hosts larch; “larch season” (mid-to-late September) triggers a spike in visitation.

The resort’s Larch area and Larch Express chairlift are named for these trees, which grow in the high country visible from the ski area.