Indian Paintbrush

Indian paintbrush refers to several species in the genus Castilleja in Banff National Park; most commonly red paintbrush (C. miniata) and sulphur paintbrush (C. sulphurea). Their bright, colourful bracts (often mistaken for petals) adorn meadows and open forests from montane to alpine.

Identification: Herbaceous perennial (20–60 cm); narrow, often lobed leaves; spikes of tubular flowers surrounded by brightly coloured bracts; red, orange, yellow, or pink depending on species. The actual flowers are small and green; the showy bracts attract pollinators.

Habitat: Montane to alpine; meadows, open forests, and subalpine glades. Often with fireweed, common harebell, and heart-leaved arnica. Blooms June to August.

Ecology: Semi-parasitic; roots attach to host plants (grasses, sagebrush) to obtain nutrients. Nectar source for hummingbirds and butterflies. Do not pick; plants are sensitive and slow to recover.