Ruffed Grouse

The ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) is a medium-sized forest grouse found year-round in Banff National Park; subalpine and montane forests, particularly along edges and in aspen–conifer mixes. Spruce grouse (Canachites canadensis) also occur in the park; the resort’s Grouse runs refer to both species.

Identification: Cryptically patterned gray or reddish-brown; crested head; fan-shaped tail with a dark band. Males perform a “drumming” display in spring; beating wings to create a low thumping sound that carries through the forest. Smaller than ptarmigan; prefers forest, not alpine.

Habitat and diet: Ruffed grouse favour deciduous–conifer edges, aspen groves, and riparian willow. Spruce grouse prefer dense spruce and pine. Both feed on buds, catkins, needles, berries, and insects. Often burst from cover when approached; startling hikers and skiers.

Behaviour: Solitary or in small family groups. Rely on camouflage; may freeze rather than flush. In winter, roost in snow burrows for insulation.

Viewing: Listen for drumming in spring; watch for explosive flushes on forest trails. Maintain distance; avoid disturbing during nesting (May–June).

Runs: Upper Grouse and Lower Grouse on the Front Side were formerly “Shoot the Muscle” (STM); the transition to “Grouse” aligned with Parks Canada ecological awareness.